Thanks to powerful public testimony and nationwide advocacy, the EPA finalized stronger Mercury and Air Toxics Standards (MATS) in 2024. These protections have already cut mercury pollution from power plants by 90%—a historic achievement that reflects both overwhelming scientific consensus and overwhelming public support, with 82% of voters in favor. But now, those hard-won safeguards are under threat.

Why MATS Matters

Mercury is a potent neurotoxin. Mercury released by coal-fired power plants enters our rivers and lakes, builds up in fish, and makes its way into our bodies. Both the pregnant individual and the developing fetus can be affected. An infant exposed to mercury is at risk for permanent brain damage that can lead to learning disabilities, developmental delays, and birth defects. 

The 2024 MATS update was a crucial step forward. It strengthened mercury limits for the dirtiest plants—especially those burning lignite coal—and tightened controls on other hazardous metals. These actions were grounded in science and public health data.

By 2028, the finalized MATS standards are projected to prevent emissions of:

• 1,000 pounds of mercury
• 770 tons of fine particulate matter (PM2.5)
• 280 tons of nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)
• 65,000 tons of carbon dioxide (CO₂)
• At least 7 tons of non-mercury hazardous air pollutant (HAP) metals, including arsenic, chromium, and lead

These reductions represent lives saved and illnesses prevented. Coal plants emit more than 80 toxic pollutants, many of which are linked to cancer, heart disease, asthma, birth defects, and premature death. These pollutants harm people living near the plants and communities hundreds of miles downwind.

Implementation of the rule would result in $300 million in annual health benefits and $130 million in climate benefits. 

The EPA needs to hear your trusted voice as a health professional on why these standards are essential to health.